The main function of cyclone
Writer： admin Time：2020-08-03 11:27 Browse：℃
Cyclone: The upper end is cylindrical, and the lower part is cone-shaped. The slurry is injected into the hydrocyclone along the tangential direction through the feed pipe with a pump or head pressure. Cyclone is a kind of equipment that uses the different centrifugal force of material density to separate materials. After several years of development, hydrocyclones are widely used. Hydrocyclones are used in mineral classification, desliming, concentration, tailings filling and dam construction:
1. Grading and sorting. When classifying, it is used in conjunction with grinding equipment for pre-classification or ball mill coarse and fine particle classification. When the materials are sorted, the materials are fed into the cylinder part with a certain pressure along the tangential direction, and the materials move along the inner wall of the cylinder. Under the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity, the denser materials move downward in a spiral shape along the inner wall of the cylinder. Finally, it is discharged from the discharge port at the bottom. The less dense material spirals upward through the separation interface along the central part, and finally is discharged from the overflow pipe while the finer mineral particles rise in a spiral shape with the water in the center of the cone. The slurry flow is discharged through the overflow pipe.
2. Desliming. The hydrocyclone can remove mud and flotation reagents in various minerals, and can recover concentrates and remove coarse sand from non-metallic minerals.
3. Concentration: The hydrocyclone can concentrate the slurry with too low concentration to meet its technological requirements.
4. Desanding and impurity removal: In the process of beneficiation, there may be some magazines in the minerals. In order to meet the design requirements, impurities must be treated. At this time, the hydrocyclone can play a very good role. The nature of the ore is different, and the cyclone used is also different.
5. Tailings filling and damming: The tailings damming materials have particle size requirements, and cyclones are used for classification to screen out particles that do not meet the particle size requirements.
The ore pulp entering the cyclone rotates at a high speed, so the solid particles are subjected to centrifugal force that exceeds gravity by several tens to hundreds of times. Because the slurry rotates at a high speed, there are two types of slurry flow in the cyclone: ??one is the external flow that rotates downward near the cone wall; the other is the internal flow that rotates and rises in the middle of the cone seed tube. The coarse sand in the feed ore is subjected to greater centrifugal force and enters the external flow, sinks along the cyclone wall and is discharged from the grit port, while the fine particles and most of the water in the feed ore rise in the form of internal flow and pass through the overflow. The flow pipe is discharged as an overflow to complete the extension operation.
The adjustment of the cyclone can be adjusted by the size of the slurry pressure, and can also be adjusted by changing the diameter of the discharge port, the concentration of the slurry, the angle of the cone, the size of the feed pipe and the overflow pipe, and the composition of the material particle size.
The cyclone is not only used in the classification operation in the grinding cycle, but also can be used for desliming, dewatering, and removing flotation chemicals. In addition, it can also be used for resuspension beneficiation, and its separation particle size can reach about 0.1 mm.
Structure characteristics of cyclone
The cyclone structure is composed of feeder tubes, grade classification column sections, cone sections, overflow pipes, underflow ports, etc., like the wide cyclones. The difference depends on the main parameters of the structure and has undergone a great change. Mainly manifested in:
(1) The inlet of the cyclone adopts involute gear or tapered broken wire for feeding, and the cross section of the mine flow slowly passes from the ring tube to the rectangular frame, which can improve the classification efficiency.
(2) "Thin-walled overflow pipe" and effective long-column construction use, so that the overflow running rough condition can be controlled reasonably.
(3) The suitable cone angle and cone section of the cyclone have improved the flow field of the original cyclone.
(4) The overall design of the new underflow orifice of the cyclone increases the concentration of underflow, reduces the fineness of sedimentation, and increases the service life of the underflow.
The cyclone is made of polyurethane elastomer and composite metal composite materials. It has strong wear resistance and light weight in the whole process of application. It is not eroded by acid, alkali or salt solution, and it is not easy to embrittlement. No rust, long service life of the whole equipment and other characteristics.
The cyclone mainly includes the discharge pump, cyclone, vacuum pump drive belt dehydrator price, leachate water collection equipment and related pipelines, gate valves. In all normal operations, the molar mass of the plaster slurry in the desulfurization tower is about 20. With a small amount of dolomite and residual particles. After the cyclone slurry is discharged, pumped and pressurized, it is transported to the cyclone for extraction and separation. Under the effect of centripetal force, the cyclone overflow port produces leachate water with a small amount of solid particles. Most of the solid particles are discharged from the underflow port.
Cyclone generally chooses two methods of vertical installation and horizontal installation. The vertical installation method of the cyclone is suitable for the load that fluctuates greatly and the load of the circulation system changes more. The horizontal installation of the cyclone is to install the cyclone with an angle of 15° to 20° at dawn. It is a working method suitable for the load of the variable circulation system and can show a relatively stable underflow concentration value.
The key of the hydrocyclone overflow type has fine solid particles (fine charcoal particles, unreflected dolomite, unmelted dolomite residue and sludge), and most hydropower cyclone overflow types return to Desulfurization tower. The overflow solid content of the hydrocyclone of plaster of Paris is generally about 1 to 3% (Wt), and the key to the finer solid particles is the adsorbent that is not reflected at the bottom, small crystals of plaster of Paris, etc.
The slurry discharged from the underflow port of the cyclone will undergo further filtering and moisture absorption through the price of the vacuum pump belt dehydrator, and then produce plaster of paris with a water content of less than 10% in molar mass. Before starting, make sure that all nodes of the cyclone unit are connected, and all kinds of residues in the casing and pipelines of the generator unit must be removed and cleaned. The cyclone gate valve is open or closed at the bottom and cannot be half open.
Whether it is a cyclone or all other mechanical equipment, customers attach great importance to the normal operation of all mechanical equipment when using cyclones. In the end, the operating status of machinery and equipment is immediately related to work efficiency. Assuming that everything is not working properly, work efficiency will decrease. Therefore, the factors that damage the normal operation of the cyclone are mentioned to help everyone take preventive measures.
1. The diameter and diameter ratio of each mechanical device in the cyclone: ??one of the high efficiency standards of the damage storm is the diameter of the storm. Assuming it is a cyclone separator with a relatively large diameter, its extraction particle size distribution will be larger. The diameter ratio is all an important basic parameter of the scheme design. Generally, the smaller the diameter ratio, the smaller the classification particle size distribution.
2. The posture and specifications of the feed port of the cyclone: General The posture of the feed port has two types: ring and rectangular frame. That kind of feed inlet can change the flow operation process to a uniform circular motion and immediately damage the application of the storm generator.
3. The operation process of the cyclone was also damaged by the roughness of the internal surface of the storm machinery and equipment. Generally, the internal surface roughness and the accuracy of various components do not harm the high extraction efficiency. But I don't know, it has long been discovered that if the lining has wear-resistant rubber and increases the friction, it can increase it. High extraction efficiency.
